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2.
Angiología ; 68(5): 396-404, sept.-oct. 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-155986

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La anemia es muy frecuente en los pacientes sometidos a cirugía vascular y puede influir en los resultados postoperatorios. OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la prevalencia de anemia en los pacientes intervenidos de cirugía arterial aortoilíaca e infrainguinal. Analizar la influencia de la anemia en la aparición de complicaciones postoperatorias. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se ha realizado un estudio retrospectivo, transversal y multicéntrico en 12 unidades de cirugía vascular. Se han registrado las cifras de hemoglobina de todos los pacientes que han sido intervenidos de forma consecutiva durante 2 meses. Además se han registrado los factores de riesgo de arteriosclerosis habituales y las complicaciones postoperatorias hasta 30 días de la cirugía. RESULTADOS: Se han registrado 530 pacientes. La tasa global de anemia ha sido del 53,8%, siendo del 50,8% en hombres y del 62,2% en mujeres. El 66,9% de los pacientes con isquemia crónica crítica tiene anemia. Los anémicos son mayores que los no anémicos y son más frecuentemente hipertensos, diabéticos, tienen más insuficiencia cardiaca y renal, y presentan unas cifras más elevadas de proteína C reactiva. Además también presentan anemia previa (hasta 3 meses) con más frecuencia, tienen una mayor estancia hospitalaria (10,4 vs. 7,0) y reciben más transfusiones. Los anémicos no presentan más complicaciones ostoperatorias pero en el análisis multivariante la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y la anemia en los 3 meses anteriores son factores predictores de complicaciones. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de anemia en los pacientes con arteriopatía periférica severa es muy elevada. Los pacientes anémicos en el preoperatorio se transfunden 3 veces más y tiene una estancia hospitalaria más larga que los no anémicos. La anemia en los 3 meses anteriores a la cirugía es un factor predictor de complicaciones postoperatorias


INTRODUCTION: Anaemia is very common in patients subjected to vascular surgery and can influence the post-operative outcome. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of anaemia in patients undergoing aortoiliac and infra-inguinal vascular surgery. To analyse the influence of the anaemia on the presentation of post-operative complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective, cross-sectional, multicentre study was conducted in 12 vascular surgery units. The haemoglobin levels were recorded on all patients that had been consecutively intervened over a period of 2 months. The usual arteriosclerosis risk factors were recorded, as well as the post-operative complications up to 30 days from the surgery. RESULTS: A total of 530 patients were included. The overall rate of anaemia was 53.8%, with 50.8% in males and 62.2% in females. More than two-thirds (66.9%) of patients with chronic critical ischaemia had anaemia. There were more anaemic patients than non-anaemic ones, and they more frequently have hypertension and diabetes. They also present with more cardiac and renal failure, and have a more elevated C-reactive protein levels. They also have previous anaemia (up to 3 months) more often, have a longer hospital stay (10.4 vs. 7.0), and receive more transfusions. They do not have more post-operative complications, but chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and anaemia in the previous 3 months are predictive factors of complications. CONCLUSIONS: Anaemia prevalence id very high in patients with severe peripheral arterial disease. Patients that are anaemic in the pre-operative period are transfused three times more and have a longer hospital stay than non-anaemic patients. Anaemia in the 3 months before the surgery is a predictive factor for post-operative complications


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anemia/epidemiologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Vasculares/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Doença Arterial Periférica/complicações , Prevalência , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha
3.
Angiología ; 68(4): 272-275, jul.-ago. 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-154024

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Describir los cambios hemodinámicos que se producen en el ecodoppler tras una angioplastia con stent de arteria renal (AR) nativa. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Se analizaron retrospectivamente todas las angioplastias sobre AR nativa realizadas entre los años 2000 y 2013, seleccionando aquellos casos con: 1) ecodoppler durante los 6 meses previos y posteriores al procedimiento, 2) angioplastia con stent de una AR con permeabilidad de la contralateral. Se compararon mediante el test de Wilcoxon las velocidades en el origen de ambas AR y la ratio renoaórtica (RAR), antes y después del procedimiento. RESULTADOS: Setenta y un casos (40%) cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. En las arterias tratadas, la velocidad media disminuyó significativamente un 56% tras el procedimiento (341 vs. 164 cm/s; p < 0,00). En un 73% de estas AR, las velocidades postangioplastia disminuyeron al rango de la normalidad (<200 cm/s). En las AR contralaterales (no tratadas), la velocidad media también disminuyó significativamente un 13% (199 vs. 175 cm/s; p = 0,029). Tras la angioplastia disminuyó de 41 a 33% el porcentaje de AR contralaterales con velocidad por encima del valor normal (>200 cm/s). La RAR también mostró una disminución estadísticamente significativa en la AR tratada (4,13 vs. 1,87; p < 0,000) como en la no tratada (2,71 vs. 2,28; p < 0,026). CONCLUSIONES: En la exploración ecodoppler tras una angioplastia con stent renal se produce una disminución significativa de las velocidades en el origen de ambas AR, la tratada y la no tratada. Este último hallazgo indica la existencia de una aceleración vicariante en la arteria no tratada, que disminuye cuando se corrige la lesión


OBJECTIVES: To describe the haemodynamic changes in duplex ultrasound after angioplasty and stenting of the native renal artery (RA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: All native RA angioplasties performed between 2000 and 2013 were retrospectively analysed, selecting those cases: 1) Duplex ultrasound within 6 months before and after the procedure, 2) unilateral renal artery angioplasty and stenting with patency of the contralateral RA. The flow velocities at the origin of the treated and untreated RA, and the renal aortic ratio (RAR), were compared using the Wilcoxon test before and after the procedure. RESULTS: Seventy-one cases (40%) satisfied the inclusion criteria, all of them without significant residual stenosis after the procedure. In the treated arteries, the mean velocity decreased significantly by 56% after the procedure (341 vs. 164 cm/s; P<.00). The post-angioplasty flow velocity in 73% of these RAs decreased to within the normal range (<200 cm/s). The mean velocity in contralateral RAs (untreated) also significantly decreased by 13% (199 vs. 175 cm/s; P<.029). After angioplasty, the percentage of contralateral RAs with velocity above normal (>200 cm/s) fell from 41 to 33%. The RAR also showed a statistically significant decrease in the treated RA (413 vs. 1.87; P<.000) and untreated RA (2.71 vs. 2.28; P<.026). CONCLUSIONS: Duplex ultrasound after renal angioplasty and stenting produced a significant decrease in the flow velocity at the origin of both the treated and untreated RAs. The latter finding suggests the existence of a vicarious acceleration in the untreated renal artery, which decreases when correcting the lesion


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Angioplastia/métodos , Angioplastia/tendências , Hemodinâmica/fisiologia , Ecocardiografia Doppler/instrumentação , Ecocardiografia Doppler/métodos , Artéria Renal/patologia , Artéria Renal , Estudos Retrospectivos , Débito Cardíaco/fisiologia , Débito Cardíaco/efeitos da radiação
4.
Angiología ; 68(3): 199-205, mayo-jun. 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-151495

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Las guías recomiendan la realización de accesos vasculares autógenos frente a protésicos o catéteres, si bien su efectividad desde una perspectiva centrada en el paciente es poco conocida. Analizamos la efectividad de una política continuada de acceso vascular autógeno (PCAVA) en pacientes incidentes en hemodiálisis. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional, con inclusión de 130 pacientes (edad media 62,3 años; 67% hombres; 52,3% con catéter como acceso vascular inicial) incidentes en hemodiálisis entre 2006 y 2009 en nuestro centro y en quienes se aplicó una PCAVA. Análisis estadístico por intención de tratamiento (regresión de Cox). RESULTADOS: En 118 pacientes (90,8%), el primer acceso útil (PAU) fue autógeno y en 12 (9,3%), protésico. En 41 pacientes (31,5%), fue preciso más de un procedimiento para alcanzar un PAU. La probabilidad de dializarse a través de un PAU autógeno fue del 63,1 y 43,2% a 1 y 5 años, respectivamente. Durante el seguimiento (tiempo medio = 28,8 meses), 75 pacientes (57,7%) precisaron reparaciones o nuevos accesos, extendiendo la efectividad de la PCAVA al 86,5 y al 68,8%, a 1 y 5 años. La efectividad de la PCAVA disminuyó si el paciente requirió catéter inicial (HR: 3,2; p = 0,014), si hubo mayor filtrado glomerular inicial (HR: 1,1; p = 0,023), con antecedentes de accesos fallidos previos al PAU (HR: 3.9; p = 0,001) y en mujeres (HR: 2; p = 0,077). CONCLUSIONES: La efectividad a largo plazo de una PCAVA es elevada. Sin embargo, el porcentaje de pacientes que requieren diversos procedimientos para alcanzar un PAU y la necesidad de reintervenciones manifiestan la necesidad de optimizar la evaluación preoperatoria y el seguimiento posterior


OBJECTIVE: The guidelines recommend performing autologous vascular access rather than catheters or prosthetic grafts. An analysis is performed on the long-term effectiveness of a continued policy of priority autologous vascular access (CPAVA) in incident haemodialysis patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective and observational study was conducted on 130 patients (mean age 62.3 years, 67% male), of whom 52.3% had a catheter as initial vascular access, and who started chronic haemodialysis between 2006-2009 in our centre and in whom a CPAVA was applied. Statistical analysis by intention to treat using Cox regression. RESULTS: The first useful access (FUA) was autogenous in 118 patients (90.8%), and prosthetic in 12 (9.3%). More than one procedure was necessary to achieve a FUA in 41 (31.5%) patients. The probability of maintaining the dialysis throughout the FUA was 63.1 and 43.2%, at 1 and 5 years, respectively. During follow-up (mean = 28.8 months), 75 patients (57.7%) required repairs or new accesses, extending the effectiveness of CPAVA to 86.5 and 68.8%, at 1 and 5 years, respectively. The effectiveness decreased if the patient required an initial catheter (HR: 3.2, P = .014), had higher initial glomerular filtration rates (HR: 1.1; P=.023), history of failed access before the FUA (HR: 3.9, P=.001), and in women (HR: 2, P =.077). CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of a CPAVA is high. However, a third of patients require more than one procedure to achieve FUA. Several factors adversely affect the outcome of autogenous vascular access, showing the need for optimising the preoperative evaluation and follow-up


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dispositivos de Acesso Vascular/efeitos adversos , Dispositivos de Acesso Vascular , Diálise Renal/instrumentação , Diálise Renal/métodos , Diálise Renal , Fístula/complicações , Fístula/prevenção & controle , Pacientes , Avaliação de Eficácia-Efetividade de Intervenções , Cateteres/efeitos adversos , Cateteres , Indicadores de Morbimortalidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudo Observacional , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/mortalidade , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/prevenção & controle , Espanha/epidemiologia
5.
Int Angiol ; 33(5): 441-5, 2014 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25294285

RESUMO

AIM: Evaluate efficacy and safety of diagnostic and therapeutic endovascular interventions performed through transbrachial approach. Transbrachial artery catheterization has long been considered a secondary access site due to its related complication rate (7-11%). Low-profile and long-delivery endovascular systems, however, are reviving the interest in this approach. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed all endovascular interventions attempted through a brachial artery access from 2003 to 2010. Two hundredth thirty seven consecutive patients (mean age 68.5 years, 89.5% male) underwent 168 transbrachial diagnostic (70.9%) and 69 therapeutic procedures (29.1%), characterised by micropuncture access (100%), 4-to-7 Fr sheath delivery systems and final digital compression (100%). CUSUM curves were created to evaluate learning effects and quality of care. RESULTS: All but one procedure were completed according to their scheduled intention. The overall complication rate was 5.5% (5 pseudoaneurysms (2.1%), 4 transient ischemic attack (1.7%), 3 brachial artery thromboses (1.3%) and 1 cardiac tamponade (0.4%). Surgical intervention was required in four of these patients (30.8%). No significant differences were observed according to age or sex. CUSUM curves created at a 2% theoretical risk showed two statistically significant upward inflections: one early in the series associated with diagnostic procedures (P=0.043) and another at the end of the study related to therapeutic interventions (P=0.018). CONCLUSION: Transbrachial catheterization is an effective and relatively safe access site for endovascular procedures. Its complication rate, although lower than before, still deserve it as a secondary access site. CUSUM curves let identify learning effects in diagnostic and interventional procedures.


Assuntos
Artéria Braquial , Cateterismo Periférico/métodos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Idoso , Cateterismo Periférico/efeitos adversos , Competência Clínica , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Curva de Aprendizado , Masculino , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Punções , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Espanha , Resultado do Tratamento
6.
Angiología ; 65(1): 10-15, ene.-feb. 2013. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-109454

RESUMO

Objetivos: Evaluar si la introducción de filtros de vena cava (FVC) retirables en nuestra institución ha comportado variaciones en el número de implantes, indicaciones o complicaciones inmediatas. Material y métodos: Pacientes consecutivos (n=88; edad media 68; varones 46%) con TVP (n=27, 30,7%), TEP (n=22, 25%) o ambos (n=39, 44,3%), en quienes se implantó un FVC por cirujanos vasculares entre 1996-2011. A partir de 2004 todos los FVC fueron potencialmente retirables (Optease/Cordis). Indicaciones: TVP/TEP recurrente/progresivo con anticoagulación correcta (n=22, 25%), TVP/TEP con contraindicación para anticoagulación (n=47, 53,4%), o retirada de anticoagulación tras TVP/TEP por cirugía mayor (n=19, 21,6%). Resultados: Se implantaron 88 FVC: 33 permanentes (20 Venatech-LGM/Braun, 13 Trapesase/Cordis) y 55 retirables (Optease/Cordis). Desde la introducción de los FVC retirables, han aumentado un 40% los implantes, las indicaciones por retirada de anticoagulación tras TVP/TEP para cirugía mayor (p=0,001), y disminuido las indicaciones por TVP/TEP recurrente/progresivo (p<0,001). No se retiraron 31 (65%) de los FVC retirables con indicación supuestamente temporal (n=48), siendo más probable la retirada si se implantaba por cirugía mayor (p<0,001) y menos si era por TVP/TEP recurrente/progresivo (p=0,06). No hubo complicaciones inmediatas asociadas al procedimiento. Conclusiones: La disponibilidad de FVC retirables ha comportado un aumento del número de implantes, sobre todo en pacientes con TVP/TEP en los que debe suspenderse la anticoagulación por cirugía mayor y en los que probablemente antes se demoraba esta hasta pasada la fase aguda del TEP/TVP. A pesar de que los FVC retirables son igualmente seguros a corto plazo, un porcentaje relevante de estos con supuesta indicación temporal no son finalmente retirados, por lo que no debería liberalizarse su indicación(AU)


Objectives: To assess whether the introduction of removable inferior vena cava filters (VCF) has led to variations in the number of implants, indications, and immediate complications in our hospital. Materials and methods: The study included consecutive patients (n=88, mean age 68 years, males 46%) with DVT (n=27, 30.7%), PE (n=22, 25%) or both (n=39, 44.3%) who had a VCF implanted by vascular surgeons between 1996-2011. Since 2004 all VCF were potentially removable (OptEase / Cordis). Indications DVT / PE recurrent / progressive with proper anticoagulation (n=22, 25%), DVT / PE with contraindication to anticoagulation (n=47, 53.4%), or removal of anticoagulation after DVT / PE for major surgery (n=19, 21.6%). Results: A total of 88 VCF were implanted: 33 permanent (20 Venatech-LGM/Braun, 13 Trapesase / Cordis), and 55 removable (OptEase / Cordis). Since the introduction of removable VCF, the number of implants increased by 40%, indications for anticoagulation after withdrawal of DVT / PE for major surgery increased (P=0.001) and the indications for DVT / PE recurrent / progressive (P<.001) decreased. Thirty-one (65%) of supposedly temporary VCF (n=48) were not removed. Removal was more likely if implanted in surgery (P<0.001) and less if it was for DVT / PE recurrent / progressive (P<0.06). There were no immediate complications associated with the procedure. Conclusions: The availability of removable FVC has resulted in a higher number of implants, especially in patients with DVT / PE where anticoagulation should be discontinued for major surgery, and probably before that it was delayed until after the acute phase of PE / DVT. Although removable VCF are equally safe in the short term, a significant percentage of those with suspected temporary indications are eventually withdrawn, so its indication should not be widened(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Filtros de Veia Cava/tendências , Filtros de Veia Cava , Embolia Pulmonar/complicações , Embolia Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Trombose Venosa/complicações , Trombose Venosa/diagnóstico , Filtros de Veia Cava/normas , Estudos Retrospectivos , Angiografia/métodos , Angiografia/tendências
7.
Angiología ; 63(5): 205-228, sept.-oct. 2011. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-96360

RESUMO

La publicación de la primera reparación endovascular de un aneurisma de aorta abdominal ha cumplido 20 años, y los estudios aleatorizados que comparan la cirugía abierta con la endovascular han completado los 10 años de seguimiento.La experiencia en la reparación endovascular ha crecido notablemente, así como su uso ampliado a anatomías complejas mediante endoprótesis estándar en unos casos o con fenestradas y/o ramificadas en otros. El empleo para aneurismas rotos se ha difundido, aunque su uso sistemático para ello cuenta aún con dificultades y diversos puntos de controversia que motivan estudios no aceptados por todos. Las novedades en nuevas endoprótesis son continuas, y actualmente asistimos a un boom de ofertas comerciales, frente a un reducido grupo establecido en el mercado desde hace años que, no obstante, también ha implementado modificaciones que deben demostrar su efectividad a largo plazo. Sociedades científicas internacionales destacadas en el ámbito europeo y mundial han publicado actualizaciones de sus guías entre 2010 e inicios de 2011, en un intento de plasmar la actualidad de un campo tan cambiante.En este momento parece razonable poner al día el documento publicado en el capítulo de Cirugía Endovascular de la Sociedad Española de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular (SEACV), que pretende ser un documento de base que, manteniendo la esencia del original, incorpora novedades, puntos de debate y propuestas razonadas de mejora a partir de las que establecer un acuerdo global en la reparación endovascular de AAA, tanto en aspectos clínicos como técnicos.Por ello las recomendaciones son genéricas, a falta de un consenso explícito y recomendaciones oficiales emanadas de la sociedad científica que nos agrupa(AU)


It is now twenty years since the publication of the first endovascular repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, and randomised studies comparing open surgery with endovascular surgery have completed 10 years of follow-up.Experience in endovascular repair has markedly increased, as well its widened use in complex anatomies using standard endoprosthesis in some cases, or fenestrated and/or branched in others. The use for ruptured aneurysms has spread, although its systematic use still for this still has difficulties and several points of controversy due to studies not accepted by everyone. The innovations in new stents are continuous, and we are currently experiencing a boom in commercial offer, due to a reduced group established in the market for years. These, however, have also implemented changes that still are to show their effectiveness in the long term. International scientific groups in Europe and worldwide have published updates of their guidelines between 2010 and the beginning of 2011, in an attempt to reflect the current situation in such a changing field.Up to this point, it seems reasonable to update the document published by the Endovascular Chapter of the Spanish Angiology and Vascular Surgery (SEACV), which attempts to be a reference document, that while maintaining the essence of the original, includes innovations, points for debate and reasoned proposals for improvement, from which to establish an overall agreement on the repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms, in both the clinical and technical aspects.For this reason the recommendations are generic, lack a clear consensus and official recommendations by the Scientific Society to which we belong(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Aorta Abdominal/patologia , Aorta Abdominal/cirurgia , Aneurisma/diagnóstico , Aneurisma Aórtico/cirurgia , Aneurisma Aórtico , Stents Farmacológicos/tendências , Stents Farmacológicos , Angiografia/tendências , Angiografia , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Aorta Abdominal/fisiopatologia , Aneurisma/cirurgia , Aneurisma Ilíaco/cirurgia
8.
Angiología ; 62(1): 14-19, ene.-feb. 2010. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-85801

RESUMO

Objetivo. Considerar como “clínicamente relevante” una terapéutica de efi cacia demostradapero —cuantitativamente— discreta puede depender, en la práctica, de factores raramenteanalizados. Se evaluó la predisposición a tratar (PT) ante un escenario teórico y “ciego” basadoen los riesgos/benefi cios de la endarterectomía en estenosis carotídeas graves asintomáticas.Sujetos y métodos. Sujetos: 100 médicos escogidos aleatoriamente de un hospital universitario(edad media: 34,6 años, 48 % varones, 54 % staff, 63 % especialidades médicas). Mediciones:cuestionario multidisciplinar estructurado, evaluando (escala visual analógica [EVA]) la infl uenciade características propias del paciente, del tratamiento o del profesional sobre la PT.Resultados. Se observó una relación lineal entre PT y menor edad del paciente (p < 0,001), menoragresividad del tratamiento (p < 0,001) y mayor soporte empírico (p < 0,001), sin apreciarsediferencias signifi cativas entre especialistas médicos y quirúrgicos. El estatus de staff y el sexomasculino se correlacionaron con los niveles más altos de PT a cualquier edad del paciente(staff + varones, p = 0,05) o agresividad terapéutica (staff, p = 0,01; varones, p = 0,025). Asimismo,infl uyeron signifi cativamente sobre la PT: a) terapéuticas con interés docente en residentes(p = 0,04); b) experiencia previa del equipo en staff (p = 0,018); c) interés científi co-técnico deltratamiento en especialistas médicos (p = 0,041); y, marginalmente, el grado de comprensión delpaciente (p = 0,061) y su catalogación como VIP (p = 0,065)(AU)


Conclusiones. La discreta rentabilidad de determinados tratamientos, como la revascularizacióncarotídea en estenosis asintomáticas, tiende a favorecer que emerjan factores contingentes enla decisión que, probablemente, serían poco relevantes en terapéuticas con un benefi cio másmarcado. La identifi cación de subgrupos de pacientes con mayor benefi cio terapéutico limitaría,con toda seguridad, la infl uencia de estos imponderables(AU)


Factors influencing the physician disposition to treat with a therapy with proven butlow effi cacy: The case of endarterectomy for severe asymptomatic carotid stenosisAbstractObjective. Considering as “clinically relevant” a therapy with proven albeit low —quantitatively—effi cacy may depend, in practice, on atypical factors. This study evaluated the predisposition totreat (PT) in a theoretical and “blind” scenario based on the benefi ts and risks associated withendarterectomy in severe asymptomatic carotid stenosis.Participants and measurements. Participants: 100 physicians randomly selected from a teachinghospital (mean age: 34.6 years, 48 % male, 54 % staff, 63 % non-surgical speciality). Measurements:structured multidisciplinary survey, based on the aforementioned scenario, evaluating (VisualAnalogic Scale) the infl uence of patient, treatment or professional characteristics on PT.Results. Linear relationships between PT and younger age of patient (p < 0.001), lower treatmentinvasiveness (p < 0.001) and higher empirical support (p < 0.001) were observed. No statisticallysignifi cant differences were observed between non-surgical and surgical specialists. Staff andmale physicians showed higher PT levels at any patient age (staff + male, p < 0.05) and treatmentinvasiveness (staff, p < 0.01; male, p < 0.025). PT levels were also infl uenced by: a) residentsfavouring treatments with higher teaching interest (p < 0.04); b) staff promoting treatmentsaccording to their personal experience (p < 0.018); c) non-surgical specialists favouringtreatments with scientifi c-technical interest (p < 0.041). The level of patient comprehension(p < 0.061) and VIPs (p < 0.065) marginally infl uenced PT(AU)


Conclusions. The proven but low effi cacy of some treatments, such as carotid endarterectomyfor severe asymptomatic stenosis, seems to be due to contingent factors infl uencing the fi naldecision to treat. The identifi cation of subgroups of patients with higher therapeutic benefi twould probably decrease the importance of those factors in clinical decision-making(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Endarterectomia das Carótidas/efeitos adversos , Endarterectomia das Carótidas , Estenose das Carótidas/complicações , Estenose das Carótidas/terapia , Condutas Terapêuticas/estatística & dados numéricos , Modelos Lineares , Inquéritos e Questionários , /estatística & dados numéricos
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